READING:
1) How do we read a photograph?
Camera / Photography Techniques
Lighting
Lighting is the single biggest determinant of how your camera needs to be set. With only a few exceptions, you can never have too much light. Use this slider to experiment with different indoor and outdoor lighting conditions.
Distance
Use this slider to simulate how close or far you are in relation to the subject.
Focal length
Moving this slider is the same as zooming in and out with your lens. A wide, zoomed out setting creates the greatest depth of field (more things are in focus) while zooming in creates a shallower depth-of-field (typically just the subject will be in focus).
Mode
The exposure modes of an SLR let you control one setting while the camera automatically adjusts the others. In Shutter Priority mode, you get to set the shutter speed while the camera sets the aperture/f-stop. In Aperture Priority mode, you set the aperture/f-stop while the camera sets the shutter speed. Manual mode is fully manual—you’re on your own! Refer to the camera’s light meter to help get the proper exposure. Although every real SLR camera has a “fully automatic” mode, there is not one here—what’s the fun in that?
ISO
ISO refers to how sensitive the “film” will be to the incoming light when the picture is snapped. High ISO settings allow for faster shutter speeds in low light but introduce grain into the image. Low ISO settings produce the cleanest image but require lots of light. Generally, you will want to use the lowest ISO setting that your lighting will allow.Aperture
Aperture, or f-stop, refers to how big the hole will be for the light to pass through when the shutter is open and the picture is snapped. Lower f numbers correspond with larger holes. The important thing to remember is this: the higher the f number, the more things in front of and behind the subject will be in focus, but the more light you will need. The lower the f number, the more things in front of and behind the subject will be out of focus, and the less light you will need.Shutter speed
Shutter speed is how long the shutter needs to be open, allowing light into the camera, to properly expose the image. Fast shutter speeds allow you to “freeze” the action in a photo, but require lots of light. Slower shutter speeds allow for shooting with less light but can cause motion blur in the image.WORKSHOP:
TREES using different focal lengths -
16mm Focal Length (Ideal for portraits) -
50/55mm Focal Length (Mid shot) -
80/85mm Focal Length (Wide framing, ideal for landscape pictures) -
Using the Rule of Thirds -
Below I am showing how the rule of thirds works, dividing up the image into 9 sections to aesthetically please the eye. The first thing I particularly noticed was how the background, mid ground and fore ground worked perfectly to create the rule of thirds. It isn't as clear in this photograph as the bottom two sections nearly blend into each other but can be seen when the grids are there.
Golden Ratio -
I don't think the bottom photograph worked as well as the first but nearly made the cut for the golden ratio, as the green leaves in focus draws our attention straight away but then follows round to the branches in focus and then through to the blurred background. I definitely feel as though the first picture worked quite well because if you look at the diagram and then to the photograph you can see mildly at where I was getting at with the sun beaming through the corner.
Rineke Dijkstra -
- Rineke Dijkstra is a Dutch photographer. She lives and works in Amsterdam. Dijkstra has been awarded an Honorary Fellowship of the Royal Photographic Society, the 1999 Citibank Private Bank Photography Prize and the 2017 Hasselblad Award. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rineke_Dijkstra
- For The Buzzclub, Liverpool, UK/Mysteryworld, Zaandam, NL, Dijkstra visited two nightclubs, the first in Liverpool, dominated by 15-year-old working-class girls; the second, in the Netherlands, a hangout for working-class boys with shaved heads, wearing matching hip-hop outfits. She set up studios in the clubs and asked volunteers to dance one at a time in front of the camera, the contrast between the girls and boys, each assertive and vulnerable in equal proportion, being a subject of the video. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rineke_Dijkstra
- Dijkstra uses a Japanese 4×5 inch view camera, with a standard lens on a tripod, and a flash on another tripod behind it. Even when she photographed children on the beach she used this same setup, with a portable flash to reduce contrast and bring the faces slightly out of deep shadow, modulating the sunlight. However, daylight is always her main light source. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rineke_Dijkstra
- Her subjects are often shown standing, facing the camera, against a minimal background. This compositional style is perhaps most notable in her beach portraits, which generally feature one or more adolescents against a seascape. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rineke_Dijkstra
Poland, 1992
Belgium, 1992
Berlin, 2000
- I personally really like how she positions her models and uses the plain background to contrast this. Using the beach, sea and sky as a background is very aesthetically pleasing and helps to show the rule of thirds, which splits the photograph up from foreground to mid ground and background.
- The mix of daylight and a flashgun is interesting and I like how it turns out as it feels natural but still has a photographic element to it. Although I like the use of daylight in her work, I am a little apprehensive to use it in my own! As I am really trying to get the hang of the different camera settings and really like the look of flash and the effect it gives.
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